Operating Systems Junior

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Explain the concept of a deadlock in the context of operating systems.

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1

A deadlock is a type of error that happens when there is a mismatch in process priorities.

2

A deadlock occurs when a process terminates unexpectedly without releasing its resources.

3

A deadlock is a mechanism used to synchronize processes in an operating system.

4

A deadlock is a situation where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release resources.

What is a page fault?

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1

A page fault occurs when a program exceeds its allocated memory limit.

2

A page fault occurs when a program tries to access data that is not currently in physical memory.

3

A page fault is a security mechanism to prevent unauthorized access to memory.

4

A page fault happens when there is an error in the paging file of the operating system.

Explain the difference between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling.

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1

Preemptive scheduling allows the operating system to interrupt and switch processes, while non-preemptive scheduling does not.

2

Preemptive scheduling is a hardware feature, while non-preemptive scheduling is a software feature.

3

Preemptive scheduling runs processes in the background, while non-preemptive scheduling runs processes in the foreground.

4

Preemptive scheduling is used only for high-priority tasks, while non-preemptive scheduling is for low-priority tasks.

What is a shell in the context of operating systems?

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1

A shell is a type of hardware that connects peripherals to a computer.

2

A shell is a graphical user interface for designing software applications.

3

A shell is a command-line interpreter that provides an interface for users to interact with the operating system.

4

A shell is an operating system feature that manages system memory.

Explain the concept of a semaphore.

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1

A semaphore is a hardware component that manages memory in a computer.

2

A semaphore is a function used to execute threads in a specific order.

3

A semaphore is a signaling mechanism used to control access to shared resources in concurrent programming.

4

A semaphore is a programming language used for developing concurrent applications.

What is a mutex, and why is it important in concurrent programming?

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1

A mutex is a synchronization primitive used to prevent multiple threads from accessing a shared resource concurrently.

2

A mutex is a type of variable used to store multiple values in concurrent programming.

3

A mutex is a function that schedules tasks in concurrent programming.

4

A mutex is an error-checking mechanism in concurrent programming.

Explain the concept of a file system and its components.

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1

A file system is a protocol used for transferring files over the internet.

2

A file system organizes and manages files on a storage device and includes components such as directories, files, and metadata.

3

A file system is a software application used to edit text files.

4

A file system is the hardware component that stores data in a computer.

What is virtual memory?

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1

Virtual memory is a memory management technique that provides an idealized abstraction of the storage resources.

2

Virtual memory is a type of hard disk used for temporary storage.

3

Virtual memory is the physical RAM installed on the computer.

4

Virtual memory refers to the virtual storage space provided by cloud services.

Explain the difference between a process and a thread.

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1

A process runs in the background, while a thread runs in the foreground.

2

A process is a function within a program, while a thread is a program that runs independently.

3

A process and a thread are the same, both being the smallest unit of execution in a system.

4

A process is an independent program in execution, while a thread is a lightweight process that exists within a process.

What is an operating system?

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1

An operating system manages hardware and software resources on a computer.

2

An operating system is a hardware component that speeds up computing tasks.

3

An operating system is a type of application software used for browsing the internet.

4

An operating system is used to write and compile code in various programming languages.